**The dark web** is a mysterious realm often associated with illicit activities and anonymity. But **what is on the dark web** exactly?
This includes items like email, financial and social media accounts, databases operated by private and public organizations, medical and legal documents, etc. The terms dark web and deep web are often used interchangeably; they both share functional similarities and operational differences that make them unique in the cybersecurity threat landscape. However, the deep web differs in that it doesn’t require a specialized browser such as TOR to access its contents. The deep web includes anything that is not findable on the surface of the Internet—websites invisible to search engines because they’re not indexed and aren’t meant for general public access.
What is mostly on the dark web?
The type of content that has the most popularity on the dark web is illegal pornography—more specifically, child pornography.
Exploring the Dark Web
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Contrary to popular belief, the dark web is not just a haven for criminal activities. While it’s true that illegal goods and services can be found on this hidden part of the internet, there are also legitimate uses for the dark web.
How much of the Internet is the dark web?
The dark web is a subset of the deep web that is intentionally hidden, requiring a specific browser—Tor—to access, as explained below. No one really knows the size of the dark web, but most estimates put it at around 5% of the total internet.
Approximately 90% of all websites are on the deep web, and many are used by entities such as corporations, government agencies, and nonprofits. What’s known as the dark web exists within the deep web; it’s an area of the internet that is only accessible by users who have a Tor browser installed. In general, most average internet users will never need to access content on the dark web, although it is perfectly legal to use Tor. Being in the company of drug traffickers and criminals, you risk landing in legal trouble. Also, you risk infecting your device with viruses by visiting some websites on the dark web.
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Marketplaces
In the darknet, routes are set up manually and only trusted parties know your node’s IP address. The inconvenience of the darknet infrastructure is outweighed by the security it provides. In this system, the information stays available after the publisher has disconnected. Of all internet traffic, the dark web only composes a very small amount.
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One of the most well-known aspects of the dark web is its marketplaces. Here, users can buy and sell a wide range of products, from drugs and weapons to counterfeit goods and stolen information. These marketplaces operate using cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin to ensure anonymity.
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This includes websites that gate their content behind paywalls, password-protected websites and even the contents of your email. The dark web, on the other hand, uses encryption software to provide even greater security. Finally, law enforcement agencies can access the dark web to detect illegal activity, such as weapon deals, drug distribution, and financial crimes. For instance, money laundering can be detected by correlating cryptocurrency wallet addresses with illicit activities. Law enforcement officials can also set up traps to capture criminals engaged in illegal transactions.
- IBM Security X-Force, for example, reported that 29% of its ransomware engagements in 2020 involved REvil.
- The Onion Project was developed by the United States Department of Defense to communicate anonymously over the internet within its security network worldwide in the early 90s.
- You can do plenty of illegal things on the regular Internet, yet the internet itself is not illegal.
- One key difference between Tor and I2P is that I2P bundles its data packets together into “cloves” before sending them through its network as messages rather than sending them one by one as Tor does.
- Other terms for the surface web include the visible web, lightnet, or indexed web.
For those looking to protect their online privacy, the dark web offers a variety of anonymity tools. These include encrypted messaging services, VPNs, and secure email providers. While these tools can be used for nefarious purposes, they are also valuable for journalists, activists, and whistleblowers seeking to protect themselves.
Information Sharing
In addition to marketplaces and anonymity tools, the dark web is also home to forums and websites where users can share information. This can range from academic research and political discussions to hacking tutorials and leaked documents. While some of this information may be controversial or illegal, not everything on the dark web is inherently bad.
Can we find anything on the dark web?
You can find legitimate products such as basketball shoes, apparel, research papers, and other items on the dark web. Of course, you can also find plenty of illegal items such as hacked Netflix accounts, stolen Social Security numbers, credit card account numbers, firearms, and drugs, too.
In conclusion, the dark web is a complex and multifaceted part of the internet. While it does have a seedy underbelly, it also serves important purposes for those seeking privacy, security, and freedom of speech. Understanding **what is on the dark web** can help demystify this often misunderstood corner of cyberspace.
What is the difference between the dark web and the deep web?
Access: Despite not being indexed by search engines, the Deep Web is accessible via traditional web browsers — i.e. you can access a Gmail page using Firefox, Chrome, etc. The Dark Web, on the other hand, is only accessible via special browsers that use Tor to protect anonymity.